IHD is a major cause of death and disease burden around the world, and its impact is projected to increase in the future [107]. The relation of alcohol consumption to IHD is complex, with mechanisms for both beneficial and detrimental causal impact, depending on drinking pattern. Light to moderate regular alcohol consumption has been linked to reduced risk and severity for incidence of coronary events, with greater risk reduction for non-fatal events; however, most of the effect can be achieved with consumption of 12 g pure alcohol (about one standard drink in the US and many other countries) every other day, with a no benefits obtained for consumption of more than 20 g pure alcohol per day (less than 2 standard drinks) [108;109]; as IHD constituted the main beneficial effect in medical cohorts, the relationship between alcohol and total mortality showed about the same form [110]. The pattern of light to moderate regular alcohol consumption with no heavy drinking occasions also reduces the risk for recurrence after an IHD event [111] and among people with existing IHD risk factors, such
