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Chunk #21 — Discussion

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Genetic variation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor gene is associated with alcohol use disorders identification test scores and smoking.
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Preliminary data on the possible functional value of the rs2948694 SNP reveal that it may affect GHSR expression in the prefrontal cortex of the human brain. Moreover, its location in intron 1 of GHSR leads the authors to speculate on a possible effect of this variant on the splicing of the gene especially given the prediction of a cryptic donor alternative splice site at the SNPs location. The GHSR gene is in fact subject to alternative splicing leading to two different mRNAs, GHSR‐1a containing two exons forming the G‐protein coupled receptor with high affinity for acylated‐ghrelin and GHSR‐1b encoded by exon 1 and the first 74 bases of intron 1. The physiological role of GHSR‐1b is still unknown (Liu, Garcia & Korbonits 2011). An in vitro study reported heterodimerization between GHSR‐1a and GHSR‐1b resulting in a decrease in the constitutive signaling of GHSR‐1a possibly due to the receptors translocation from the membrane to the nucleus (Leung et al. 2007). The rs2948694 SNP, although located in a non‐coding region of either GHSR transcripts, could tentatively affect the splicing of the gene