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Chunk #15 — RESULTS — Functional Organization of the Network and Its Relevance to LOAD Pathology

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Integrated systems approach identifies genetic nodes and networks in late-onset Alzheimer's disease.
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Table S1, available online in the Supplementary Data, contains extensive information regarding the functional enrichment and gene membership of modules containing at least 50 unique gene symbols. We highlight some specific findings of interest from Figure 3C: (1) the enrichment of pathways related to olfactory sensory perception in a LOAD-associated module is of interest given the processing of olfactory function is affected in subjects who are genetically at risk of developing LOAD long before the symptoms of dementia are manifested (Schiffman et al., 2002); (2) the APOE transcript is located in the LOC module enriched for astrocyte signatures and GABA metabolism, consistent with the observation that astrocytes are the major source of APOE in the CNS (Boyles et al., 1985). The close connectivity of APOE and GABA metabolism in the brain network, may therefore have some bearing on the observation that GABA interneuron dysfunction is particularly severe in APOE4 carriers (Li et al., 2009); (3) the previously identified macrophage enriched metabolic network (MEMN) in peripheral tissues and strongly supported as causal for a number of metabolic and vascular traits related