Consider 660 RNA-seq experiments from the GEUVADIS study [6, 8] of lymphoblastoid cell lines from 462 individuals of 5 ancestries and 2 sexes sequenced across 7 laboratories. For a single gene, the total variance can be partitioned into the contributions of these components of variation plus residual variance: 23\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} $$\begin{array}{@{}rcl@{}} \sigma^{2}_{Total} = \sigma^{2}_{Individual} + \sigma^{2}_{Lab} + \sigma^{2}_{Ancestry} + \sigma^{2}_{Sex} + \sigma^{2}_{\varepsilon}. \end{array} $$ \end{document}σTotal2=σIndividual2+σLab2+σAncestry2+σSex2+σε2.
