may thus impact upon T2D and CHD through an insulin-dependent pathway which involves, but is not entirely dependent upon, adiponectin. In addition, since we demonstrated that the ARL15 variant was associated with adiponectin levels across all age ranges, including children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort, this variant likely affects lifelong adiponectin levels, which may influence its relationship with T2D and CHD.