or in WT mice (Fig. 1b and Supplementary Fig. 1d). In addition, FoxO1 protein levels of the KO mice were significantly decreased in VTA and SN but not in other CNS areas (Fig. 1c,d, and Supplementary Fig. 7) or peripheral tissues (Supplementary Fig. 1e,f, and Supplementary Fig. 7). Deletion of FoxO1 in DA neurons did not affect the brain size, the number and size of DA neurons (Fig. 1e-i). Taken together, these results confirm that FoxO1 was successfully and specifically deleted in DA neurons without effect on normal brain development and the FoxO1 KODAT mice provide a model to investigate potential metabolic roles of FoxO1 in DA neurons in vivo.