to contain IdoA under certain circumstances (33). CD44 is localized in the focal adhesions of invadopodia (34) and has a functional role in the anchoring of cytoskeleton elements to cell membrane in connection with ECM molecules, and in concentrating metalloproteases. In conclusion, the altered distribution of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions demonstrated in DS-epi1-downregulated cells is consistent with decreased directionality in cellular movements. Future studies clearly have to elucidate which type of PG/PGs that are specifically involved in these functions.
