Box-Cox transformations were performed with MASS package 27, while lambda inflation factors were calculated with GenABEL package 29 in R (ver. 2.10.1).30 SNP imputation was performed with MACH (ver. 1.0).31 PCs, reflecting genetic structure of each study population, were calculated and analyzed with the EIGENSOFT package (ver. 2.0).32 Genetic association analyses and meta-analyses were run with PLINK (ver. 1.0.7).3334 SNAP (ver. 2.2) 35 was used to search for proxy SNPs (r2≥0.8) using the Caucasian HapMap phase II panel and to assess linkage disequilibrium (LD) coefficients in 1000 Genomes Project data. SNP/gene annotations and regional association plots were created with LocusZoom (ver. 1.1; human genome build hg18).36
