In the two-bottle choice test (continuous access to ethanol and water), the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone (Sakamoto et al., 2000) reduced ethanol intake and preference (without changing total fluid intake) during the first 6 hours at the highest dose tested (30 mg/kg) (Figure 1A; Supplemental Table 1; Supplemental Figure 1 A,B,C). This effect was not seen after the next 18 hours of ethanol consumption (Supplemental Figure 2 A,B,C; Supplemental Table 2). The PPARα agonist, fenofibrate (Willson et al., 2000), reduced ethanol intake and preference after the first 6 hours at the highest dose tested (150 mg/kg) without changing total fluid intake (Figure 1B; Supplemental Table 1; Supplemental Figure 1 D,E,F). In contrast to pioglitazone, the fenofibrate effect was long-lasting and observed for 24 hours after administration (Supplemental Figure 2 D,E,F; Supplemental Table 2). The PPARδ agonist, GW0742 (Sznaidman et al., 2003), did not change ethanol intake at any time point (Figure 1C; Supplemental Figure 1 G,H,I; Supplemental Figure 2 G,H,I; Supplemental Tables 1, 2). A dual PPARα and γ agonist, tesaglitazar (Cronet et al., 2001; Ljung et al., 2002), produced a
