An ontology analysis using the Panther system demonstrated that, by reference to the list of 12,808 genes expressed in monocytes, the set of 465 expression traits affected by multiple sources of variability was enriched in “Immunity and defense” genes (69 observed/35.8 expected, P = 4.5×10−6), especially in the sub-categories of “Macrophage-mediated immunity” (18/3.6, P = 7.5×10−6).