in predicting within-individual changes in externalizing problems from ages 5 to 27. Nevertheless, we were able to augment our predictions using specific risk factors that explained variance in externalizing problems above and beyond the strong continuity of externalizing behavior over more than 20 years. In other words, taking into account family process, peer process, stress, and child characteristics like temperament and language ability can improve our predictive accuracy of the development of externalizing problems.
