the observed genetic covariance matrix (χ2(12) = 390.234, AIC = 422.234, CFI = 0.957, SRMR = 0.079), fulfilled our preregistered model fit criteria, and coalesced with theoretical expectations of a common genetic liability to externalizing. This model was selected as final specification, and is hereafter referred to as “the externalizing factor” (EXT). To explore the convergent and discriminant validity of the externalizing factor, we estimated its genetic correlation with 91 traits from various domains (Supplementary Table 8).