Twenty-three patients with schizophrenia (two schizophreniform) and 25 healthy subjects were recruited from the community (demographic and clinical data are shown in Table 1). Volunteers with schizophrenia were outpatients within the first year of psychosis onset. Participants were evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR to confirm diagnosis and exclude illness in control subjects. Patients aged under 16 years underwent the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children—Present and Lifetime Version. Board certified PhD and MD-level clinicians conducted diagnostic evaluations. Diagnoses were confirmed by consensus conference. Psychosis onset was determined by establishing the time at which DSM-IV criteria A and B for schizophrenia were met.
