In order to better understand the conceptual links between alcohol-related, drug-related, and non-substance-related aggression, we conducted a preregistered analysis of existing interview data from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). We used confirmatory factor analyses to test the predictions that treating these three aggression phenotypes as distinct latent factors would exhibit better fit to the data than (A) combining alcohol-related and drug-related aggression into a ‘substance-related aggression’ factor, or (B) combining all three into a ‘general aggression’ factor.