Pearson’s correlations were used to evaluate associations between nasal chemosensory performance, behavioral and electrophysiological measures of olfactory function separately for each group, and also with the clinical variables for patients only. In addition, the parametric manipulation of odor intensity was exploited to compute within-subjects Pearson’s correlations between odor concentrations (i.e., assuming fixed H2S dilutions of 40%, 70%, or 100%), behavioral (dL) and CSD measures (i.e., using pairwise observations for the three levels of odor intensity), which were then Fisher z-transformed, averaged, back-transformed to correlation coefficients for interpretability, and assessed using conventional inference statistics (df = n − 2). Given our a priori hypotheses about the direction of these associations (e.g., better performance coupled with greater CSD amplitudes, or poorer odor identification linked to more negative symptoms), one-tailed significance levels are reported.
