when the risky environment (increased number of traumatic events, decreased neighborhood cohesion and increased neighborhood physical disorder) is present versus absent for those with and without increased GRSs. χ2 tests were used to assess the statistical significance of the IC and mean differences (MDs) at various levels of exposure. Plots of regression-adjusted mean phenotypes with 95% confidence intervals are presented to facilitate interpretation. Note that Table 4 and Figure 1 present results for each environmental exposure as decreased (1 s.d. below the mean (−1 s.d.)) and increased (1 s.d. above the mean (+1SD)). Similarly, an increased GRS is defined as +1 s.d. and a decreased GRS is defined as −1 s.d. As tests of GxE are often sensitive to scale,47 we standardized all variables (z-score) to ensure that results remained robust to transformations.
