expression of Aβ-synthesizing enzymes such as β- and γ-secretase, leading to reduced Aβ production (Arendash et al., 2009). Cilostazol also reduces Aβ production in vitro (Lee et al., 2012, 2014; Maki et al., 2014), and suppresses Aβ-induced tauopathy and tau phosphorylation in vitro (Lee et al., 2012, 2014). However, as only a minor fraction of cilostazol passes through BBB (Akiyama et al., 1985), it remains to be elucidated whether these positive effects of cilostazol do occur in AD patients.
