Assortative mating can also complicate trigenerational analyses by enriching a family for genetic loading and disorder prevalence. Non‐random mating can lead to a greater concentration of disorders in families and impact the familial environment in which offspring are raised. 124 , 157 , 158 Non‐random mating may also lead to biases in association studies, 159 Mendelian randomization studies, 160 and in marker‐based heritability estimates. 161 Systematic study of potential mechanisms for assortative and cross‐mating, and their implications for patterns of cross‐generational transmission of phenotypes, environmental, and genetic factors provides an important opportunity to refine understanding of the genetic and environmental architecture of alcohol use disorders. 159
