Fourth, the criterion of biological salience is surprisingly inclusive. A large fraction of human genes are of legitimate interest to an integrative neuroscientist: depending on inclusion criteria, ⅓ to ⅔ of human genes are of biological interest (Figure 2). Genomic studies can test millions of hypotheses –hundreds of genetic markers will have P-values in the 10−5 to 10−7 range from the play of chance. These “intriguing” genetic markers will, merely by chance, often be located near a biologically “cool” gene. This is a meaningless coincidence until proven otherwise by genetic evidence.
