Sex, age, psychiatric diagnosis (excluding depression and alcohol abuse diagnosis in the depression and problematic alcohol use SEMs respectively), and self-reported ethnicity were entered as covariates in all analyses. Sex was added as a covariate in all models due to previously documented sex differences in VS reactivity to reward stimuli (e.g. Spreckelmeyer et al. 2009). Because previous studies have identified a marked decrease in VS reactivity to reward in stress-exposed individuals (Bogdan et al. 2011; Porcelli et al. 2012; Casement et al. 2014) self-reported recent life stress was also included in all models. Additionally, due to evidence delineating race/ethnic differences in rates of stress and trauma exposure, self-reported race/ethnicity was included in all models (Roberts et al. 2011). Moreover, consistent with recent recommendations (Keller, 2014), all pathways in which interactions were present included the interaction between all mean-centered covariates and predictor variables as covariates (e.g. CTQ × sex, VS × sex, etc.). Consistent with our previous report (Nikolova et al. 2012) the moderation models included self-reported depression symptoms as a covariate to ensure that the effect of the interaction between
