expect a particularly strong relationship between trauma exposure (9/11 exposure, childhood maltreatment) and certain disorders, such as PTSD. Thus, in further consideration of any individual disorder effects that are not captured by the latent INT and EXT dimensions, we also evaluated modification indices to determine whether residual correlation between 9/11 exposure and specific disorders would appreciably improve the model fit, with an a priori rule that direct effects between INT and EXT and individual disorders would be included in the model if the model fit improvement was above 3.96, corresponding to a p-value of 0.05 (Keyes et al., 2012).
