Another gender related finding was that while males produced relatively more theta power (male > female) at younger ages (during both loss and gain), the reverse pattern (female > male) was observed in the older age group (more apparent during the gain condition). (Fig 3, Panels B1 and B2). Similar to this finding, Chorlian et al. [46] reported that both auditory and visual theta EROs were relatively higher in 12–15 year males (than females) while theta power in females more steadily increased (than males) at/after 15 years of age until 25 years. Previous studies from our group have also found that adult females have higher P3 amplitude [152–154] and increased ERO delta and theta power compared to males in cognitive and emotional paradigms [155], including the gambling paradigm [14,41]. More studies on gender differences are needed to confirm our findings as the ERP/ERO studies showing gender differences across development are rare, although gender differences in ERO responses in different frequency bands to cognitive and emotional processing have been widely documented in adult samples [155–159]. As noted by Jausovec and Jausovec
