See Supplementary Fig. 6 for a flowchart of study ascertainment, per PRISMA example. We first identified suitable studies via PubMed on 23 January 2018 using the following search terms: (Genome-Wide Association Stud* OR GWAS OR Genome Wide Association Stud*) and (polygenic risk score OR genetic risk score OR polygenic risk scor* OR genetic risk scor* OR risk profile scor* OR genomic profile). We sought to identify all polygenic scoring studies, of any complex genetic phenotype, from the first decade of polygenic scoring research. This yielded 1226 studies, 733 of which were polygenic scoring studies (see Fig. 1 and Supplementary Data 1).