Taken together, these results demonstrate that multiple stimulus-evoked and resting state electrophysiological measures show promise as endophenotypes for EXT psychopathology. Each of these measures has been shown to be heritable (e.g. van Beijsterveldt et al., 1996; van Beijsterveldt & van Baal, 2002; Yoon et al., 2006), to be associated with genetic risk for one or more EXT disorders (e.g. Begleiter et al., 1984; Hill et al., 1995; Rangaswamy et al., 2004), and with specific, although different, genes associated with these disorders (e.g. Chen et al., 2009; Edenberg et al., 2004; Porjesz & Rangaswamy, 2007; Williams et al., 1999). Thus, each of these brain electrophysiological measures, which putatively tap the neural bases of genetic risk, has demonstrated significant utility in the search for genes related to EXT psychopathology.
