Our compelling results suggest the possibility that the association observed in this study can be robustly generalized to various clinical and nonclinical scenarios, although this study is rather exploratory, and independent confirmation of the findings will be required in subsequent studies before various forms of practical clinical utilization of the prediction of opioid sensitivity based on this SNP can be applied. In conclusion, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated in future studies, our findings provide a novel step toward understanding individual differences in opioid sensitivity and stimulating future studies that can open new avenues for the personalized treatment of pain and drug dependence.
