WTCCC: Individuals were genotyped at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK using the Affymetrix 500K SNP chip. Genotype data were subjected to rigorous quality control measures (SNPs with MAF <1%, missing rate >5% or Hardy Weinberg p<5×10−8 were excluded) in order to remove poor quality SNPs as well as putatively related individuals and those of non-European ancestry (for a full description of the cohorts see the original WTCCC article [17]).