Studies investigating alcohol-dependence specifically have reported positive associations with the A118G SNP (Bart et al., 2005; Kim et al., 2004b; Miranda et al., 2009; Nishizawa et al., 2006; Rommelspacher et al., 2001), no association (Bergen et al., 1997; Gscheidel et al., 2000; Kim et al., 2004a; Loh el et al., 2004; Sander et al., 1998), or a protective effect (Du and Wan, 2009; Town et al., 1999) in individuals possessing the G118 allele (Table 1). [For a detailed review of 12 of these clinical association studies, see (van der Zwaluw et al., 2007).].
