variants with smaller effect, a larger sample size would be needed. Fourth, due to the design of admixture mapping and the complex LD patterns in admixed populations, no gene- or set-based tests could be performed. While large-scale GWAS will still be the major tool for genes/variants discovery, admixture mapping is a great complement to these mainstay methods. As shown in our chromosome 4 GWS region, all single variants had P-values >0.001. In GWAS, these variants would likely have been discounted; however, collectively these variants were associated with SRE-5 and explained the admixture mapping signal. Continued recruitment of participants from underrepresented and admixed populations are essential (Peterson et al., 2019) and we suggest that admixture mapping should also be performed to detect ancestry-specific disease genes/variants that may be missed by GWAS.
