Muratov and Gnedin recently described two relatively new techniques that search for bimodality within a given population distribution [29]. Gaussian mixture modeling determines whether the population deviates statistically from unimodality. It also searches for all potential underlying bimodal populations and determines the significance of the best possible bimodal solution. These authors also described the Dip test [61], which statistically compares the actual population distribution with the best possible unimodal distribution to look for flat regions or dips between peaks as would be found in bimodally distributed populations.
