Patterns of alcohol use were separated into drinking quantity when not binge drinking, frequency of non-binge drinking, and frequency of binge drinking. Drinking quantity on typical drinking days was categorized into three levels: 1–2 (low-level drinking), 3–4, and 5 or more (binge drinking). Overall drinking frequency (binge drinking and non-binge drinking) and binge drinking frequency are defined in the assessment. The frequency of non-binge drinking was computed by taking the overall drinking frequency and subtracting the binge drinking frequency. Non-binge drinking was further categorized into five levels: none, monthly or less, 2–4 times monthly (reference category), 2–3 times weekly, and 4 or more times weekly (see Supplementary table S1). Binge drinking frequency was categorized into four levels: none, monthly or less, 2–3 times monthly, and weekly or more.
