been implicated in both nicotine reinforcement (Corrigall et al. 1992; Pons et al. 2008) and withdrawal (Bruijnzeel and Markou 2004) and the locus coeruleus has been implicated in withdrawal effects from drugs of abuse (Dizgah et al. 2005), implying that the contributions of α6* nAChRs to nicotine reward are mediated by the VTA, but α6* nAChRs in the locus coeruleus may be responsible for regulating nicotine withdrawal.
