adolescent report, parent report) and consider other dimensions of parenting. In addition, our measure of parental knowledge was not specific to maternal or paternal knowledge. Overall, findings of the current study appear to generalize to males and females. However, it is possible that sex of the parent and sex of the child may interact to influence the relationships between parenting and adolescent externalizing (Finan et al. 2015; Trudeau et al. 2012).