The ‘not referred to treatment’ group had the lowest rate of current SUD. Those offenders with higher levels of outpatient treatment, more detoxification services, emergency department visits, and lifetime 12-step meeting attendance were more likely to report a current SUD at the 15-year follow-up (Table 3). Pairwise comparisons showed that those who received any outpatient treatment for mental health or substance use problems at Time 2 had higher levels of a current SUD than those who did not receive treatment (Table 3). Subjects who had two or more emergency department visits for mental health or substance use problems had higher current rates of SUD compared to those with no visits; those who attended no 12-step meetings had lower current rates. None of the treatment variables was associated with current DOL.
