and DNA was purified using the Qiagen Gel Extraction Kit. In vitro transcription was done using Optizyme T7 RNA Polymerase (ThermoFisher) following standard procedures. Reactions were incubated at 37 °C for 3 h followed by DNase treatment (RQ1 DNase, Promega) at 37 °C for 30 min. RNA was then purified using RNA Clean and Concentrator Zymo-Spin IC Columns (Zymo Research). tRNA transcripts were visualized on a 15% polyacrylamide, 7 M urea gel stained with SYBR Gold nucleic acid stain.
