Participants were 205 smokers (33.7% female) between the ages of 20 and 66 (M = 44.4, SD = 11.3), of whom 49.3% were Black, 37.1% were Caucasian, and 13.6% were of another racial background. Participants were recruited from the Los Angeles area via online advertisements and fliers announcing the opportunity to take part in a study on personality and smoking. The current report reflects a secondary analysis of baseline data from a more extensive multi-session laboratory study of smoking abstinence effects, as the baseline session included the primary measures of interest. Inclusion criteria required participants to be fluent in English, 18+ years of age, and a regular smoker of 10+ cigarettes per day during the past 2+ years. Exclusion criteria included current DSM-IV non-nicotine substance dependence, current DSM-IV mood disorder or psychotic symptoms, breath carbon monoxide (CO) levels < 10ppm at intake (to prevent the admission of individuals over-reporting their smoking level), use of non-cigarette forms of tobacco or nicotine products, use of psychiatric or psychoactive medications, reported pregnancy, and planning to quit or substantially reduce smoking in the next 30 days.
