were used to construct standard curves for Dcc and GAPDH. The R2 values for the standard curves for each analyte approached 1.0, suggesting the same amplification efficiency in the PCR reactions under these conditions. Melting curves were performed to document single product formation and agarose electrophoresis confirmed product size. As negative controls, RNA samples that were not reverse transcribed were run. Data were normalized to GAPDH mRNA expression.
