In summary, using the clinical and biomaterial resources of the IAS, we confirm several prior reports that both GABRA2 genotype and haplotype are associated with risk for alcohol dependence and other forms of SUD [1, 2, 7]. We also provide strongly suggestive evidence that the effects of GABRA2 haplotype may be sex dependent and in fact may be as strong with respect to ND as with AD. Likewise, results suggest a greater role for genetic vulnerability given evidence of environmental exposure. Finally, we provide the first odds ratios for the effects of GABRA2 on substance dependence using a non-clinical population sample.
