To calculate the absolute AFDs, we first calculated the allele frequency within the 1000 Genome Project AFR (superpopulation) and EUR (superpopulation) reference genome using PLINK per chromosome. Before allele frequency calculation, we filtered SNPs based on an MAF of 0.01 for AFR and 0.005 for EUR. To calculate the differences between the two superpopulations, we matched SNP and reference alleles before calculating AFDs (equation (8)). We assessed absolute AFDs for ancestry-associated DEGs compared with other eGenes using two methods: (1) top SNP per gene; and (2) average SNPs across the gene:8\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathrm{AFD}}=\left|{\mathrm{AFR}}-{\mathrm{EUR}}\right|$$\end{document}AFD=AFR−EUR
