Genes which had a p-value ≤ 0.05 for the difference between groups (t-test) were evaluated for whether they were turned on or off. If the sum of Present calls differed by more than 6 in the IFN data (6 of 10) and more than 4 in the vitamin A data (4 of 7) genes were called turned "on" or "off" depending on the direction of change.
