To conclude, we view IDA as a general framework for pooled data analysis that draws on a strong line of previous methodological advancements. We also view the fruitful directions that IDA may best further develop as closely linked to the substantive questions and data sets from our field. Our pressing goal is to evaluate theoretically-derived hypotheses to advance, cumulatively, our science. Thus, we view the advancement of substantive understanding and methodological techniques as inextricably linked, both equally necessary to the task of creating a coherent body of knowledge that provides answers to the core questions of our era.