For example, the relationship between AFD and alcohol outcomes should always be evaluated in the context of conduct problems, as these clearly predicted the occurrence of drinking onset across adolescence in offspring from the ongoing San Diego Prospective Study. Additional studies support a strong relationship between such problems early in life and later alcohol problems (i.e. Slutske et al., 1998; McGue et al., 2006). In the current data, the relationship of conduct problems to AFD remained significant even after controlling for other robust risk factors including the FH of AUDs, male gender, and prior substance use. Also, prior THC use related to AFD even when considered in the context of conduct problems. Furthermore, in these analyses, offspring with both conduct problems and THC use were at greater risk for experiencing alcohol use onset during this developmental period than would have been predicted from either characteristic alone. Therefore, this interaction adds important information to the current literature.
