In conclusion, the current evidence from large and carefully conducted studies of genetic variation does not support the idea that the historical candidate gene literature led to robust and replicable genetic findings with the capacity to provide insights into the etiology of schizophrenia. Most genes (24 of 25) evaluated common variant hypotheses: the large effect sizes posited by initial studies were not confirmed, and four common variant associations that now meet genome-wide significance were missed. These conclusions have an important qualifier. Knowledge of the genetic basis of schizophrenia is incomplete but rapidly growing. Historically large studies were published in 2014, and considerable expansions of sample sizes for common and rare variant analyses are in progress. Some genes in Table 2 could become notable in the future.
