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Chunk #32 — Discussion

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Three mutually informative ways to understand the genetic relationships among behavioral disinhibition, alcohol use, drug use, nicotine use/dependence, and their co-occurrence: twin biometry, GCTA, and genome-wide scoring.
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Future work would also do well to continue to evaluate both individual SNP effects as well as aggregate effects, as both can be informative about the genetic architecture of, and genetic relationships among, various psychological traits and other phenotypes. Applying diverse methods, such as twin biometry, GCTA, and genome-wide scoring provides an array of useful information. To be maximally informative, consortia might share more than GWAS p-values, and to report more than just the genome-wide significant values (e.g., the top 100 or 1000 in supplementary materials with all values available upon request). Supplemental materials could routinely include the top 100 or 1000 hits, including effect sizes, allele and strand information, standard errors, and p-values, which all would be extremely useful for the purposes of aggregating effects (as in the present study) as well as evaluating environmental and developmental moderation of genetic effects (Vrieze et al., 2012).