Chunk #22 — Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway
domain. Effortful control involves the ability to regulate behavior to fit contextual demands and maintain a goal set (Miyake et al., 2000, Pennington & Ozonoff, 1996). Effortful control likely reflects activation in prefrontal cortical regions (particularly lateral prefrontal) corresponding with suppression of activity in limbic regions (particularly ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens and possibly amygdala). Although thalamic nuclei, particularly the subthalamic nucleus, also appear to be important, the system can still be regarded heuristically as a “top-down” system.
