High expression of nuclear (n)FGFR1 in subcortical cells and the loss of nFGFR1 in cortical cells of schizophrenia organoids. a 2-week organoids: control (iPSC line BJ1) and schizophrenia (iPSC line 1835). Schizophrenia organoids have high FGFR1 expressing cells in VZ and dispersed in IZ. Few nFGFR1+ cells are present in CZ of the schizophrenia organoids. Images of whole sections are shown in Supplementary Fig. 4, a4 and a5. b 5-week organoids—control (BJ1) organoids express nFGFR1 in CZ and IZ (inset shows negative control—omitted primary FGFR1 antibody), and schizophrenia (1835) organoids show depletion of FGFR1 immunostaining in CZ. Arrow points to nuclei with FGFR1 speckles. 3D rotational confocal images of control (line 3651) and schizophrenia (line 1835) organoids are shown in Video 2a and b. c Quantification of the % of DAPI-stained nuclei that were immunopositive for nFGFR1 in multiple randomly selected ROI (3 × 103 μm2, ∼40 cells/ ROI) in the upper CZ. The % of nFGFR1+ DAPI-stained nuclei was determined for multiple ROIs from the three control individuals and three patients. The difference between control and schizophrenia mean values was significant (t-test). Plots show distribution of the % of nFGFR1 positive nuclei in individual control (18 ROIs) and schizophrenia (12 ROIs). The individual value plots are shown in Supplementary Fig. 5d
