transplanted neurons at 6 months postsurgery showed transient sodium inward current and sustained potassium outward currents induced by voltage step depolarization (Figure 5E) as well as action potential firing following somatic current injections (Figure 5F). Furthermore, these neurons demonstrated spontaneous postsynaptic currents (Figure 5G) and induced excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) following stimulation of the perforant path (Figure 5H), indicating functional integration of the grafted cells into the local neural circuitry.