We tested whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)–based heritability of alcohol consumption is enriched in brain-expressed gene sets and whether this enrichment is specific to any region. Stratified linkage disequilibrium–score regression (60–62) was applied to summary statistics from the GWAS of alcohol consumption in the UK Biobank (N = 112,117) (28). Tissue-enriched gene sets were generated using data from the GTEx Consortium (30,61). A gene is assigned to a gene set if it shows greater enrichment in that tissue than 90% of genes. It was further tested whether genetic associations with alcohol consumption are enriched in brain-expressed gene sets using the analysis tool MAGMA (63) implemented through the platform FUMA (64).
