families recruited through an alcoholic proband. Since 2004, adolescent and young adult relatives in the original families of the subjects (e.g., offspring, grandchildren, nieces and nephews, as well as offspring of comparison families) who had at least one parent interviewed at earlier phases of the COGA study have been recruited into the prospective study. Every two years, subjects undergo a comprehensive assessment using an updated form of the SSAGA interview that includes lifetime measures of psychiatric diagnoses (including PTSD) as well as histories of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use and problems to obtain DSM-IV and DSM-5 (for substances) diagnoses (Bucholz et al., 2017). Data for these analyses were derived from the September 2018 harvest, master file 93, and included 3,691 individuals aged to 12 to 35.
