family studies given K. Our estimates of λ1st SNP values were robust, and our estimates of hSNP2 values were reasonably robust, to the likely range of K values and show that a key part of the heritabilities or familial risk estimated from family studies is associated with common SNPs. Twice the standard error of estimates approximates the magnitude of the parameter that is possible to detect as being significantly different from zero, given the available sample sizes31.
