Interviewers with Bachelor's or Master's degrees in psychology or related disciplines collected information using structured clinical interviews designed to yield diagnoses from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 3rd Edition (DSM-III-R), the standard in place when the MTFS began. Interviewer training includes an apprenticeship with a more experienced interviewer, a written examination regarding DSM disorders, and a proficiency test. Interviewers also receive ongoing feedback about interview quality from diagnosticians reviewing audiotapes of each interview. A slightly modified version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID II) (Spitzer, Williams, Gibbons, & First, 1987) was used to assess antisocial behavior, including symptoms of conduct disorder, while the SCID I (Spitzer, Williams, Gibbon, & First, 1992) was used to assess major depression. The revised Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA-R) (Reich, 2000) was used to diagnose ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). The Substance Abuse Module (SAM) of the Composite International Diagnostic Inventory (Robins et al., 1988), modified to include questions about drinking frequency and quantity, was used to diagnose nicotine dependence, alcohol abuse or dependence, and illicit drug abuse or dependence.
